-draisine gets bigger as a technology as some view it as having wartime potential

-in 1839, German guy gets idea to put pedals on the front wheel of a draisine

-results in massive craze across the West for this, despite its discomfort

-during French Wars > Third French War (1847-1854), it becomes very important part of war

-some French guy invents pneumatic tires in 1849

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-immediately adopted because it dramatically decreases stresses on body, allows for greater stability

-also sees rise of ball-bearings in velos, as they having been already used on carriages and the like

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-iron for the most part, also some brass

-decrease friction to one fifth

-note that these parts require replacement every once in a while oftentimes

-some of them being velos detachable

-also front wheel across the board becomes much bigger, resulting in iconic look of the high-wheeler

-used in war by dragoon squads

-post-war, results in a lot of surplus velocipedes on the street with only some of them being high-wheelers

-despite their lack of safety, they are very transformative and force the creation of velo-specific streets

-during war, there is also development of velo with pedals near center and connected to wheel by leather belt

-these belt-driven velos are less reliable, however, and often need belts replaced

-postwar this results in improvement of these belts, made to be sturdier and less vulnerable to coming off

-this helps a lot to making velos common

-eventually, they use India rubber instead of leather

-become dominant velo in 1860s onward

-work on treadle velos begin in 1862, sees some spread

-however, people are more used to belt velos, which have more efficiency

-nevertheless, it has a niche, survives to this day

-in 1869, first person makes a chain velo

-becomes very influential despite very fine metallurgy, very frail

-and very very tough to mass-produce them

-takes till 1882 for manufacturer to make velo chains that do not constantly break, from there onwards they become extremely commonplace

-but they eventually do

-in 1870s, people connect Pyreolophore to velo, making phore-powered velos

-though these are not workable in the slightest yet

-become tool of war in 1890s during French Wars > Fifth French War (1890-5), and they become workable as they can transfer dragoon squads without people needing to use them

-postwar boom of velophores

-in mid-to-late 19th century, velos becoming quite common

-resulting in the development of velo clubs promoting new roads, other policies for it

-often competing with Railways > Pneumatic rail

-though the two often co-exist in practice, with people locking their velos at station

-allows, in combination with pneumatic rail, a great suburbanization wave

-many places have large locking lots